Introduction to DEIF GPU/2/GS
Product Description
The DEIF GPU/2/GS is a specialized generator protection unit designed to monitor and safeguard dual generator sets in small to medium-sized power systems. As a key offering from DEIF, a leading provider of energy management solutions, this unit focuses on ensuring the reliable operation of generator sets by detecting electrical faults, managing load transitions, and facilitating seamless synchronization between two generators. It is widely used in applications such as remote industrial sites, construction camps, data centers with backup generators, and rural electrification projects where dual generators are deployed for redundancy.
The “GPU/2/GS” designation highlights its core capabilities: “GPU” (Generator Protection Unit) indicates its focus on generator-specific protection, “2” denotes support for two generators, and “GS” (Generator Set) signifies optimized integration with standard generator set configurations. Unlike general-purpose protection units, the GPU/2/GS includes generator-specific features such as engine parameter monitoring (via optional sensors) and tailored protection logic for alternator windings, making it a targeted solution for generator set reliability.
Technical Parameters
- Power Supply: 24V DC (18-32V DC)
- Power Consumption: ≤6W (standby); ≤10W (active with alarms)
- Measurement Inputs:
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- Voltage: 2 three-phase AC inputs (up to 690V AC L-L) for generator outputs
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- Current: 2 three-phase CT inputs (5A/1A secondary) for generator currents
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- Frequency: 50/60Hz (auto-sensing, ±3Hz range)
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- Optional engine parameters: Oil pressure (0-5V), coolant temperature (PT100), RPM (magnetic pickup)
- Protection Functions:
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- Generator-specific: Stator overcurrent, rotor overvoltage, loss of excitation, reverse power
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- Electrical: Overvoltage, undervoltage, overfrequency, underfrequency, earth fault
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- Engine-related (with sensors): Low oil pressure, high coolant temperature, overspeed
- Output Relays: 6 SPDT relays (5A/250V AC) – 4 for protection, 2 for control (e.g., generator start/stop)
- Communication Interface: RS485 (Modbus RTU); optional Ethernet (Modbus TCP/IP)
- Response Time: ≤50ms for critical faults (e.g., stator short circuit)
- Accuracy:
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- Voltage: ±0.5% of reading
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- Current: ±1% of reading
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- Frequency: ±0.05Hz
- Operating Temperature: -30°C to +70°C (-22°F to +158°F)
- Storage Temperature: -40°C to +85°C (-40°F to +185°F)
- Relative Humidity: 5-95% RH (non-condensing)
- Vibration Resistance: 10-500Hz, 10g peak (IEC 60068-2-6)
- Protection Rating: IP42 (front panel); IP20 (terminal block)
- Dimensions: 144mm × 144mm × 120mm (W × H × D)
- Weight: Approximately 1.1kg
- Certifications: IEC 60255, CE, UL 1012, DNV GL
Usage Methods
- Installation:
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- Mount the unit on a DIN rail or panel in the generator control cabinet, ensuring vertical orientation for cooling.
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- Position away from engine heat sources and vibration-intensive components (e.g., fuel pumps) to maintain measurement accuracy.
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- Allow 30mm clearance around the unit for wiring and ventilation, especially in enclosed generator enclosures.
- Wiring and Connection:
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- Connect generator voltage outputs (L1, L2, L3) to the dedicated voltage terminals, ensuring phase alignment between the two generators.
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- Wire CTs from each generator’s output to the current inputs, using shielded cables with proper polarity.
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- Integrate optional engine sensors (oil pressure transmitter, temperature probe) to the analog input terminals.
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- Connect relay outputs to generator breakers (for tripping), alarm devices, and engine control modules (for start/stop signals).
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- Establish Modbus communication with a PLC or HMI using twisted-pair shielded cable, grounding the shield at the unit end.
- Configuration:
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- Use DEIF’s Generator Protection Suite software to configure generator parameters (rated voltage, power, excitation type).
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- Set protection thresholds (e.g., overcurrent pickup at 125% of rated current, overspeed at 110% of nominal RPM).
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- Program interlock logic between the two generators (e.g., prevent parallel operation if voltage mismatch exceeds 5%).
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- Calibrate engine sensor inputs using reference values (e.g., 0V = 0 psi oil pressure, 5V = 100 psi).
- Operation and Maintenance:
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- Monitor status via the front-panel LCD (displays generator parameters and faults) or remote software.
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- Perform weekly tests: simulate a low oil pressure condition to verify alarm activation and generator shutdown.
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- Inspect wiring connections monthly, tightening terminals to prevent vibration-induced loosening.
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- Recalibrate electrical measurements annually using a precision test set; check sensor calibration quarterly.
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- Clean the LCD and ventilation slots quarterly with a soft brush to remove dust and oil residue.
System Introduction
The DEIF GPU/2/GS operates as a dedicated guardian for dual generator systems, integrating four key layers:
- Sensing Layer: Collects electrical data (voltage, current, frequency) from generators and optional engine parameters, converting them to digital signals.
- Analysis Layer: Processes data using generator-specific algorithms to distinguish between normal transients (e.g., load steps) and genuine faults (e.g., stator overheating).
- Protection Layer: Triggers relays to isolate faulty generators (via breaker tripping) or activate alarms, preventing cascading damage.
- Coordination Layer: Manages safe parallel operation, ensuring voltage and frequency synchronization before closing tie breakers between the two generators.
In a remote mining camp with two 200kVA generators, the GPU/2/GS monitors both units. During peak load, it synchronizes the generators and enables parallel operation. If one generator develops a stator overcurrent fault, the unit trips its breaker within 50ms, redistributing load to the healthy generator. It also tracks engine oil pressure, shutting down a generator gracefully if pressure drops below safe levels to avoid engine seizure.
Related Models in the Series
- DEIF GPU/3/GS: Supports three generators, ideal for larger systems requiring N+1 redundancy (e.g., hospital backup power).
- DEIF GPU/2/GS-EX: Explosion-proof version (ATEX/IECEx Zone 2) for generators in hazardous areas (e.g., refineries).
- DEIF GPU/2/GS-ETH: Equipped with Ethernet and web server, enabling remote configuration via browser for off-site management.
- DEIF GPU/2/GS-LT: Low-temperature optimized model (-40°C to +70°C) for arctic or cold-climate applications.
- DEIF GPU/2/GS-HV: High-voltage variant (up to 11kV) for medium-voltage generator sets in industrial plants.
- DEIF GPU/1/GS: Single-generator protection unit, offering cost-effective protection for standalone generator systems (e.g., remote telecom towers).
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